Lymphedema is, put simply, a chronic swelling. It happens when there is damage to or a blockage in the lymphatic system, making it difficult for lymphatic fluid to drain properly. As a result, fluid accumulates in the soft tissues of the affected area.
There are two types of lymphedema: primary lymphedema, which is genetic, and secondary lymphedema, which is acquired. There are many reasons secondary lymphedema can develop, including parasitic infection, injury or trauma, cancer treatments (such as radiation therapy), removal of lymph nodes, surgery, tumors, and skin infections — just to name a few.
Lymphedema is chronic and progressive, and unfortunately, there is no cure yet. Symptoms can be managed, however. Treatment options include compression garments, pneumatic compression devices (also known as pumps), manual lymph drainage (MLD) massages, decongestive exercises, and nutrition; surgical treatments are also available to help alleviate symptoms.
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